{"id":88726,"date":"2023-05-03T10:26:08","date_gmt":"2023-05-03T08:26:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/?p=88726"},"modified":"2023-05-03T10:26:08","modified_gmt":"2023-05-03T08:26:08","slug":"jod","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/jod\/","title":{"rendered":"J\u00f3d – vlastnosti, d\u00e1vkovanie, zdroje a \u00fa\u010dinky nedostatku a nadbytku tohto prvku"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jedn\u00fdm z najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch org\u00e1nov<\/strong> v \u013eudskom tele je nepochybne \u0161t\u00edtna<\/strong> \u017e\u013eaza, ktor\u00e1 produkuje mno\u017estvo horm\u00f3nov nevyhnutn\u00fdch pre jej spr\u00e1vne fungovanie<\/strong>. Jej \u010dinnos\u0165 zase z\u00e1vis\u00ed od pravideln\u00e9ho pr\u00edsunu \u017eiv\u00edn<\/strong>, vitam\u00ednov, miner\u00e1lov a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch cenn\u00fdch prvkov, ktor\u00e9 potrebuje, z ktor\u00fdch najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00ed je j\u00f3d<\/strong>. Preto by sme nemali zab\u00fada\u0165 na dop\u013a\u0148anie pr\u00edpadn\u00e9ho nedostatku j\u00f3du, preto\u017ee ak\u00fdko\u013evek nedostatok sa<\/strong> r\u00fdchlo prejav\u00ed nielen na zdrav\u00ed \u0161t\u00edtnej \u017e\u013eazy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010co je j\u00f3d, nevyhnutn\u00fd prvok pre fungovanie \u0161t\u00edtnej \u017e\u013eazy?<\/h2>\n\n\n
\n
\"<\/figure><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

J\u00f3d je stopov\u00fd prvok, ktor\u00fd<\/strong> je v periodickej tabu\u013eke prvkov ozna\u010den\u00fd symbolom I<\/em><\/strong>v Periodickej tabu\u013eke prvkov (Periodic Table of Elements), hoci sa e\u0161te st\u00e1le mo\u017eno stretn\u00fa\u0165 so star\u00fdm ozna\u010den\u00edm s p\u00edsmenom J<\/strong><\/em>a jeho n\u00e1zov je odvoden\u00fd od gr\u00e9ckeho slova „joeides<\/em>„, \u010do znamen\u00e1 fialov\u00fd<\/strong>. V roku 1812 ho objavil franc\u00fazsky chemik Bernard Courtois, ale n\u00e1zov, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 dodnes, mu dal o rok nesk\u00f4r po d\u00f4kladnom v\u00fdskume Joseph Loud Gay-Lussac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vyskytuje sa vo forme mal\u00fdch fialovo\u010diernych kry\u0161t\u00e1likov alebo prchav\u00e9ho j\u00f3du a v pr\u00edrode sa najviac j\u00f3du nach\u00e1dza v morskej vode<\/strong>, preto ke\u010f pr\u00eddeme k moru, hovor\u00edme, \u017ee vzduch je takmer nas\u00fdten\u00fd zdraviu prospe\u0161n\u00fdm j\u00f3dom<\/strong>. \u017dia\u013e, obyvatelia in\u00fdch regi\u00f3nov Po\u013eska si ho musia dod\u00e1va\u0165 in\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom, potravinami alebo v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fdmi doplnkami s<\/strong> obsahom j\u00f3du, aby sa vyhli mnoh\u00fdm zdravotn\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom.j\u00f3dov\u00e9 doplnky, aby sa vyhli mnoh\u00fdm zdravotn\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom<\/strong>, preto v\u00fdrobcovia dbaj\u00fa na prevenciu a vhodn\u00fd obsah j\u00f3du v kuchynskej soli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak\u00e1 je denn\u00e1 potreba j\u00f3du pre \u013eudsk\u00fd organizmus?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 tohto prvku v \u013eudskom tele je dokonca nevyhnutn\u00e1<\/strong>, ale len vtedy, ak ho spr\u00e1vne d\u00e1vkujeme.<\/strong> Nielen nedostatok<\/strong>, ale aj nadmern\u00fd pr\u00edjem<\/strong> j\u00f3du sa m\u00f4\u017ee uk\u00e1za\u0165 ako \u0161kodliv\u00fd, a ak nevieme, ako spr\u00e1vne dop\u013a\u0148a\u0165 j\u00f3d, v\u017edy sa m\u00f4\u017eeme poradi\u0165 s lek\u00e1rom alebo odborn\u00edkom na v\u00fd\u017eivu. Odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00e1 j\u00f3du, ktor\u00e9 by sme mali prij\u00edma\u0165, sa l\u00ed\u0161ia pod\u013ea pohlavia a veku<\/strong> a s\u00fa nasledovn\u00e9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • pre doj\u010dat\u00e1 – 110 \u03bcg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • pre deti vo veku od 5 mesiacov do 1 roka – 130 \u03bcg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • pre deti vo veku od 1 do 6 rokov – 90 \u03bcg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • pre deti vo veku 7 a\u017e 9 rokov – 100 \u03bcg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • pre diev\u010dat\u00e1 a chlapcov vo veku od 10 do 12 rokov – 120 \u03bcg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • pre diev\u010dat\u00e1 a chlapcov vo veku 13 a\u017e 18 rokov – 150 \u03bcg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • pre dospel\u00fdch mu\u017eov a \u017eeny – 150 \u03bcg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • pre tehotn\u00e9 \u017eeny – 220 \u03bcg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • pre doj\u010diace \u017eeny – 290 \u03bcg.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 zdroje j\u00f3du v potravin\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n\n\n
    \n
    \"<\/figure><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

    \u017dia\u013e, nie ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 d\u00fdcha\u0165 \u010derstv\u00fd morsk\u00fd vzduch nas\u00fdten\u00fd j\u00f3dom a aj pou\u017e\u00edvanie potravinov\u00fdch doplnkov sa m\u00f4\u017ee z<\/strong> r\u00f4znych d\u00f4vodov uk\u00e1za\u0165 ako problematick\u00e9<\/strong>. Preto je dobr\u00e9 zavies\u0165 do ka\u017edodennej stravy<\/strong> produkty, ktor\u00e9 obsahuj\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo tohto prvku<\/strong>, a najviac sa ho nach\u00e1dza v<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • v morsk\u00fdch ryb\u00e1ch, ako s\u00fa tresky, slede, tresky, makrely a tuniak;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • u\u017e spom\u00ednan\u00e1 jodidovan\u00e1 so\u013e;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • morsk\u00e9 plody<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • mlie\u010dne v\u00fdrobky, najm\u00e4 tvaroh, tu\u010dn\u00e9 \u017elt\u00e9 syry, kef\u00edr a mlieko;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • cel\u00e9 slepa\u010die vajcia<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u0161pen\u00e1t<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • brokolica<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • hr\u00e1\u0161ok;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • fazu\u013ea<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • obilniny<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • orechy a mandle<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • kvasnice;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • ovsen\u00e9 vlo\u010dky.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Ako vid\u00edte, v\u00fdber je pomerne ve\u013ek\u00fd a ka\u017ed\u00fd si z t\u00fdchto produktov ur\u010dite dok\u00e1\u017ee zostavi\u0165 chutn\u00fd jed\u00e1lny l\u00edstok <\/strong>na r\u00fdchle doplnenie pr\u00edpadn\u00e9ho nedostatku j\u00f3du. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 treba d\u00e1va\u0165 pozor na v\u00fdrobky, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu j\u00f3d z tela r\u00fdchlo vyplavi\u0165<\/strong>, ako je s\u00f3ja, kapusta, kel a karfiol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa pr\u00edznaky a zdravotn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky nedostatku j\u00f3du?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Nedostatok j\u00f3du v<\/strong> tele by sa<\/strong> rozhodne nemal podce\u0148ova\u0165<\/strong> a je potrebn\u00e9 pravidelne kontrolova\u0165 hladinu tohto prvku. V\u00fdskum Svetovej zdravotn\u00edckej organiz\u00e1cie (WHO<\/em> ) uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee nedostatok j\u00f3du mo\u017eno pova\u017eova\u0165 za civiliza\u010dn\u00fa chorobu<\/strong>, ktorou trpia u\u017e takmer 2 miliardy \u013eud\u00ed na celom svete. Predstavuje to v\u00e1\u017enu hrozbu nielen pre dospel\u00fdch,<\/strong> ale najm\u00e4 pre deti,<\/strong> ktor\u00fdch organizmus potrebuje j\u00f3d na spr\u00e1vny v\u00fdvoj.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ak nie je mo\u017en\u00e9<\/strong> kedyko\u013evek skontrolova\u0165 hladinu j\u00f3du v laborat\u00f3riu, oplat\u00ed sa pozorne sledova\u0165 vlastn\u00e9 telo<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1m d\u00e1va a\u017e pr\u00edli\u0161 jasn\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly, \u017ee za\u010d\u00edna poci\u0165ova\u0165 nedostatok tohto d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9ho prvku<\/strong>. Na\u0161e obavy by mali vzbudzova\u0165 predov\u0161etk\u00fdm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • opuch krku v oblasti \u0161t\u00edtnej \u017e\u013eazy, v\u00fdskyt charakteristickej strumy na krku, ktorej pr\u00ed\u010dinou je nadmern\u00fd rast \u0161t\u00edtnej \u017e\u013eazy sp\u00f4soben\u00fd nedostatkom dostato\u010dn\u00e9ho mno\u017estva j\u00f3du;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • r\u00fdchle priberanie na v\u00e1he, nadv\u00e1ha a obezita, najm\u00e4 pri spr\u00e1vnej v\u00fd\u017eive, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee nazna\u010dova\u0165 vznik probl\u00e9mov so \u0161t\u00edtnou \u017e\u013eazou;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • oslabenie a vypad\u00e1vanie vlasov, ktor\u00fdch rast z\u00e1vis\u00ed okrem in\u00e9ho od udr\u017eiavania spr\u00e1vnej hladiny horm\u00f3nov produkovan\u00fdch \u0161t\u00edtnou \u017e\u013eazou;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • zmeny na poko\u017eke, ktor\u00e1 sa st\u00e1va nadmerne suchou, n\u00e1chylnou na podr\u00e1\u017edenie a r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie sa olupuje;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • neust\u00e1ly pocit chladu aj pri vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch okolia;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u00fanava a slabos\u0165 spojen\u00e1 s ospalos\u0165ou;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • poruchy srdcov\u00e9ho rytmu a v pr\u00edpade nedostatku j\u00f3du doch\u00e1dza k nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9mu spomaleniu srdcov\u00e9ho svalu;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • abnorm\u00e1lne fungovanie mozgu a nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, ktor\u00e9 sa okrem in\u00e9ho prejavuje \u010doraz v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edmi \u0165a\u017ekos\u0165ami pri zapam\u00e4t\u00e1van\u00ed, osvojovan\u00ed si nov\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed a poklesom celkovej ment\u00e1lnej kapacity;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • zn\u00ed\u017eenie obranyschopnosti organizmu, naru\u0161en\u00e9 fungovanie imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • zn\u00ed\u017eenou plodnos\u0165ou.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Predstavuje nadbytok j\u00f3du aj zdravotn\u00e9 riziko?<\/h2>\n\n\n
        \n
        \"<\/figure><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

        Hne\u010f na \u00favod je potrebn\u00e9 objasni\u0165, \u017ee naj\u010dastej\u0161ie m\u00e1me do \u010dinenia s nedostatkom tohto prvku, pri\u010dom jeho<\/strong> nadbytok sa vyskytuje ove\u013ea zriedkavej\u0161ie, a to m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 n\u00edzkou toleranciou organizmu<\/strong> alebo konzum\u00e1ciou pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ek\u00e9ho mno\u017estva produktov obsahuj\u00facich j\u00f3d<\/strong>. Jeho v\u00fdskyt v\u0161ak treba v\u017edy o\u010dak\u00e1va\u0165 a prim\u00e1rnym negat\u00edvnym \u00fa\u010dinkom jevznik nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho ochorenia \u0161t\u00edtnej \u017e\u013eazy<\/strong>, bu\u010fhypertyre\u00f3zy<\/strong>, alebo rovnako nebezpe\u010dnej choroby Hashimoto. Samozrejme, m\u00f4\u017eu sa objavi\u0165 aj in\u00e9 znepokojuj\u00face pr\u00edznaky:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • tr\u00e1viace \u0165a\u017ekosti, bolesti brucha, vracanie alebo siln\u00e1 hna\u010dka;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • nervov\u00e1 hyperaktivita;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 sekr\u00e9cia hlienu v priedu\u0161k\u00e1ch;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • nadprodukcia sl\u00edn;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u00fabytok hmotnosti;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • pocit p\u00e1lenia v hrdle;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • poruchy srdcov\u00e9ho rytmu;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • alergick\u00e9 ko\u017en\u00e9 zmeny;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • protein\u00faria.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Ako vid\u00edte, naozaj je sa \u010doho ob\u00e1va\u0165, najm\u00e4 preto, \u017ee dlhodob\u00fd<\/strong> nadbytok j\u00f3du v tele m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k vzniku z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed, predov\u0161etk\u00fdm \u0161t\u00edtnej \u017e\u013eazy. V\u00fdrazne sa zvy\u0161uje riziko hypertyre\u00f3zy, \u010do z\u00e1rove\u0148 znamen\u00e1 nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161enie <\/strong>horm\u00f3nov produkovan\u00fdch \u0161t\u00edtnou \u017e\u013eazou, v \u0161t\u00edtnej \u017e\u013eaze sa rozv\u00edja z\u00e1pal<\/strong> a mus\u00edme bra\u0165 do \u00favahy aj mo\u017enos\u0165 vzniku rakoviny \u0161t\u00edtnej \u017e\u013eazy<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Existuj\u00fa kontraindik\u00e1cie konzum\u00e1cie j\u00f3du a maj\u00fa ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          Hoci sa j\u00f3d pova\u017euje za vyslovene nevyhnutn\u00fd<\/strong> prvok pre \u017eivot<\/strong>, existuj\u00fa niektor\u00e9 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 kontraindik\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 br\u00e1nia jeho konzum\u00e1cii<\/strong>. Najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edmi s\u00fa precitlivenos\u0165 na j\u00f3d, probl\u00e9my so vstreb\u00e1van\u00edm j\u00f3du, ochorenia \u0161t\u00edtnej \u017e\u013eazy, z\u00e1paly \u0161t\u00edtnej \u017e\u013eazy alebo n\u00e1dory \u0161t\u00edtnej \u017e\u013eazy a naj\u010dastej\u0161ie nadmern\u00e1 alebo nedostato\u010dn\u00e1 \u010dinnos\u0165 \u0161t\u00edtnej \u017e\u013eazy. Pokia\u013e ide o ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky<\/strong>, s\u00fa podobn\u00e9 ako pri prekro\u010den\u00ed povolen\u00fdch denn\u00fdch d\u00e1vok<\/strong> a okrem toho m\u00f4\u017eeme poci\u0165ova\u0165 zvl\u00e1\u0161tnu kovov\u00fa chu\u0165 v \u00fastach a trpie\u0165 siln\u00fdmi boles\u0165ami hlavy a brucha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u010co e\u0161te stoj\u00ed za to vedie\u0165 o v\u00fdzname j\u00f3du pre zdravie?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          V priebehu rokov sa okolo u\u017e\u00edvania j\u00f3du vytvorilo nieko\u013eko m\u00fdtov,<\/strong> s ktor\u00fdmi sa<\/strong> rozhodne oplat\u00ed vys<\/strong>poriada\u0165, aby sa \u010falej neduplikovali. Pokia\u013e ide o myln\u00e9 predstavy, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa mnoh\u00ed \u013eudia o j\u00f3de, stoj\u00ed za zmienku najm\u00e4 to, \u017ee j\u00f3d, na rozdiel odna rozdiel od in\u00fdch prvkov, j\u00f3d v tele neuklad\u00e1me<\/strong>, tak\u017ee ho mus\u00edme dod\u00e1va\u0165 bu\u010f potravou, v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fdmi doplnkami, alebo ho vstreb\u00e1va\u0165 d\u00fdchan\u00edm morsk\u00e9ho vzduchu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Na druhej strane je pravda, \u017ee spolu s vitam\u00ednom A, vitam\u00ednom C, vitam\u00ednom D a sel\u00e9nom zohr\u00e1va najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161iu \u00falohu pri regul\u00e1cii funkcie \u0161t\u00edtnej \u017e\u013eazy<\/strong>. Tehotn\u00e9 \u017eeny<\/strong> by mali tie\u017e dop\u013a\u0148a\u0165 viac sel\u00e9nu, preto\u017ee je potrebn\u00fd pre spr\u00e1vny v\u00fdvoj plodu<\/strong>, a potreba sel\u00e9nu sa zvy\u0161uje aj po\u010das doj\u010denia.<\/strong> D\u00e1vajte si tie\u017e pozor na nadbytok chl\u00f3ru a sod\u00edka v strave, preto\u017ee vyplavuj\u00fa j\u00f3d z tela<\/strong> a prispievaj\u00fa k jeho<\/strong> nedostatku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Zdroje:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/iodine-uses<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/nutrition\/low-iodine-diet-benefits-precautions-and-foods-to-eat<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Jedn\u00fdm z najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch org\u00e1nov v \u013eudskom tele je nepochybne \u0161t\u00edtna \u017e\u013eaza, ktor\u00e1 produkuje mno\u017estvo horm\u00f3nov nevyhnutn\u00fdch pre jej spr\u00e1vne fungovanie. Jej \u010dinnos\u0165 zase z\u00e1vis\u00ed od pravideln\u00e9ho pr\u00edsunu \u017eiv\u00edn, vitam\u00ednov, miner\u00e1lov a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch cenn\u00fdch prvkov, ktor\u00e9 potrebuje, z ktor\u00fdch najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00ed je j\u00f3d. Preto by sme nemali zab\u00fada\u0165 na dop\u013a\u0148anie pr\u00edpadn\u00e9ho nedostatku j\u00f3du, preto\u017ee ak\u00fdko\u013evek nedostatok sa […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":88725,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-88726","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravie","box-post"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88726","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=88726"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88726\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":88727,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88726\/revisions\/88727"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/88725"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=88726"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=88726"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=88726"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}