{"id":1025,"date":"2021-08-05T18:55:06","date_gmt":"2021-08-05T16:55:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/?p=1025"},"modified":"2021-08-05T18:55:06","modified_gmt":"2021-08-05T16:55:06","slug":"elektrolyty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/elektrolyty\/","title":{"rendered":"Elektrolyty &#8211; \u010do s\u00fa to elektrolyty, ako rozpozna\u0165 ich nedostatok?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Nedostatok elektrolytov<\/strong> je spojen&yacute; s\nPre va&scaron;e telo to m&aacute; mnoho nepr&iacute;jemn&yacute;ch n&aacute;sledkov.\nV niektor&yacute;ch situ&aacute;ci&aacute;ch str&aacute;came cenn&eacute; vitam&iacute;ny a miner&aacute;ly ve&#318;mi r&yacute;chlo.\nvitam&iacute;ny a miner&aacute;ly, bohu&#382;ia&#318; sa &#269;asto st&aacute;va, &#382;e ich zab&uacute;dame dop&#314;&#328;a&#357;.\nna ich doplnenie. S&uacute;vis&iacute; to aj s elektrolytmi. Ke&#271;\nmali by ste venova&#357; pozornos&#357; ich mno&#382;stvu v tele, ako doplni&#357; nedostatky a ako im predch&aacute;dza&#357;.\nnedostatky a ako im predch&aacute;dza&#357;?<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#268;o s&uacute; to elektrolyty?<\/h2><p><strong>Elektrolyty<\/strong> s&uacute; vodn&eacute; roztoky zl&uacute;&#269;en&iacute;n, ako s&uacute; drasl&iacute;k, hor&#269;&iacute;k, v&aacute;pnik alebo sod&iacute;k, ako aj chloridy a fosfore&#269;nany, ktor&eacute; s&uacute; nevyhnutn&eacute; pre spr&aacute;vne fungovanie. V na&scaron;om tele zohr&aacute;vaj&uacute; &uacute;lohu pren&aacute;&scaron;a&#269;ov nervov&yacute;ch impulzov, tak&#382;e ich nedostato&#269;n&eacute; mno&#382;stvo tieto procesy nar&uacute;&scaron;a. <\/p><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright is-resized\"><figure id=\"attachment_1377\" class=\"alignnone width-full\" style=\"width: 292px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-caption=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/1928990-1024x683-1.jpg\" alt=\" &#382;ena pije vodu\" class=\"wp-image-1377\" width=\"292\" height=\"194\" title=\"\"><\/figure><\/figure><\/div><p><strong>&Uacute;lohou elektrolytov<\/strong> je regulova&#357; rovnov&aacute;hu vody v tele. S&uacute; to kladne alebo z&aacute;porne nabit&eacute; l&aacute;tky, &#269;o znamen&aacute;, &#382;e pri&#357;ahuj&uacute; molekuly vody a pom&aacute;haj&uacute; ju pren&aacute;&scaron;a&#357; po svaloch a tkaniv&aacute;ch. S&uacute; nevyhnutn&eacute; pre spr&aacute;vne fungovanie mozgu, nervov&eacute;ho syst&eacute;mu a kardiovaskul&aacute;rneho syst&eacute;mu. Hlavn&yacute;m rizikom nedostatku elektrolytov je dehydrat&aacute;cia.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dehydrat&aacute;cia &#8211; &#269;o to je?<\/h2><p><strong>Dehydrat&aacute;cia<\/strong> je stav organizmu\n&#269;o je ve&#318;mi nebezpe&#269;n&eacute; najm&auml; pre deti a star&scaron;&iacute;ch &#318;ud&iacute;.\nAni dospel&iacute; a mlad&iacute; &#318;udia by ju v&scaron;ak nemali podce&#328;ova&#357;.<strong>\nDehydrat&aacute;cia je znakom nedostato&#269;n&eacute;ho mno&#382;stva elektrolytov\nje v&aacute;&#382;ne naru&scaron;en&aacute; rovnov&aacute;ha vody a elektrolytov.\n<\/strong>Pr&iacute;znaky s&uacute; slabos&#357;, neust&aacute;la &uacute;nava, mdloby, halucin&aacute;cie,\nniekedy nevo&#318;nos&#357; a vracanie.<\/p><p>Dehydrat&aacute;ciu mo&#382;no rozdeli&#357; na tri &#269;asti\ntypy:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>hypertonick&eacute; &#8211; v&auml;&#269;&scaron;ia strata\n\tvody ako elektrolytov;\n\t<\/li><li>hypotonick&yacute; &#8211; v&auml;&#269;&scaron;ia strata\n\telektrolytov ako vody;\n\t<\/li><li>izotonick&yacute; &#8211; strata\n\tstrata elektrolytov a vody je podobn&aacute;.\n<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kedy str&aacute;came najviac elektrolytov?<\/h2><p>Pr&iacute;&#269;in dehydrat&aacute;cie m&ocirc;&#382;e by&#357; nieko&#318;ko.\n&#268;asto sa sp&aacute;ja s hor&uacute;cim po&#269;as&iacute;m a pr&iacute;li&scaron; dlh&yacute;m pobytom v\npr&iacute;li&scaron; dlho na slnku. Organizmus vtedy spotrebuje viac vody, s potom sa vylu&#269;uj&uacute; aj elektrolyty.\nsa tie&#382; vylu&#269;uj&uacute; s potom. Aby sa zabr&aacute;nilo strate elektrolytov\npri vysok&yacute;ch teplot&aacute;ch by ste mali pi&#357; viac vody alebo izotonick&yacute;ch n&aacute;pojov.\nvodu alebo izotonick&eacute; n&aacute;poje.<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft is-resized\"><figure id=\"attachment_1376\" class=\"alignnone width-full\" style=\"width: 312px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-caption=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/1909850-1024x683-1.jpg\" alt=\" &#382;ena pije vodu\" class=\"wp-image-1376\" width=\"312\" height=\"207\" title=\"\"><\/figure><\/figure><\/div><p>&#270;al&scaron;ou &#269;astou pr&iacute;&#269;inou dehydrat&aacute;cie je hna&#269;ka a zvracanie, po&#269;as ktor&yacute;ch sa str&aacute;ca mnoho cenn&yacute;ch zlo&#382;iek. Lie&#269;ba &#382;al&uacute;do&#269;nej chr&iacute;pky je do ve&#318;kej miery spojen&aacute; pr&aacute;ve s pr&iacute;jmom elektrolytov, ktor&eacute; maj&uacute; vyrovna&#357; vodn&uacute; bilanciu organizmu.<\/p><p>K zv&yacute;&scaron;enej strate vody a miner&aacute;lov doch&aacute;dza aj po&#269;as intenz&iacute;vnej fyzickej n&aacute;mahy. Aby sa predi&scaron;lo pretr&eacute;novaniu a n&aacute;slednej dehydrat&aacute;cii, odpor&uacute;&#269;a sa &scaron;portovcom pi&#357; ve&#318;k&eacute; mno&#382;stvo vody a existuj&uacute; aj &scaron;peci&aacute;lne elektrolytov&eacute; n&aacute;poje pre fyzicky akt&iacute;vnych &#318;ud&iacute;.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Elektrolyty &#8211; &uacute;&#269;inky ich nedostatku<\/h2><p>Okrem dehydrat&aacute;cie je nedostatok\nelektrolyty mo&#382;no charakterizova&#357;:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>chvenie svalov;\n\t<\/li><li>v&scaron;eobecn&aacute; slabos&#357;;\n\t<\/li><li>strata koncentr&aacute;cie;\n\t<\/li><li>hna&#269;ka alebo z&aacute;pcha;\n\t<\/li><li>opuch.\n<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ako m&ocirc;&#382;em doplni&#357; elektrolyty?<\/h2><p>Nedostatok elektrolytov m&ocirc;&#382;e by&#357;\nmo&#382;no doplni&#357; potravou a tekutinami. Ich spr&aacute;vna koncentr&aacute;cia\ns&uacute; uveden&eacute; v nasleduj&uacute;cej tabu&#318;ke:<\/p><p>sod&iacute;k: 3250 mg\/l, 142 mmol\/l,<\/p><p>drasl&iacute;k: 156 mg\/l, 4 mmol\/l,<\/p><p>v&aacute;pnika: 100 mg\/l, 2,5 mmol\/l,<\/p><p>hor&#269;&iacute;k: 24 mg\/l, 1 mmol\/l.<\/p><p><strong>Najlep&scaron;ie sp&ocirc;soby doplnenia\nelektrolyty<\/strong> s&uacute;:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>pitie vysoko mineralizovan&yacute;ch\n\tvoda;\n\t<\/li><li>pitie izotonick&yacute;ch n&aacute;pojov;\n\t<\/li><li>pou&#382;&iacute;vanie &scaron;peci&aacute;lne\n\t&scaron;peci&aacute;lne pripraven&eacute; elektrolyty v pr&aacute;&scaron;ku alebo tablet&aacute;ch na\n\trozpustn&eacute; tablety;\n\t<\/li><li>konzum&aacute;cia paradajkovej &scaron;&#357;avy; \n\t\n\t<\/li><li>u&#382;&iacute;vanie doplnkov\n\tvitam&iacute;nov&eacute; tablety;\n\t<\/li><li>konzum&aacute;cia potrav&iacute;n s vysok&yacute;m\n\tpotraviny s vysok&yacute;m obsahom drasl&iacute;ka, v&aacute;pnika a hor&#269;&iacute;ka.\n<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Elektrolytov&eacute; doplnky &#8211; kedy\nje dobr&eacute; ma&#357; ich pri sebe?<\/h2><p>V situ&aacute;ci&aacute;ch zv&yacute;&scaron;en&eacute;ho vylu&#269;ovania\nJe dobr&eacute; ma&#357; pri sebe &scaron;peci&aacute;lne elektrolyty<strong> pre\nrozpusten&eacute;<\/strong> elektrolyty alebo izotonick&eacute; n&aacute;poje obsahuj&uacute;ce cel&yacute; rad vitam&iacute;nov a miner&aacute;lov.\na miner&aacute;ly. \n<\/p><p>Odpor&uacute;&#269;a sa, aby<strong>mal<\/strong> ka&#382;d&yacute; doma\nelektrolyty<strong>v pr&aacute;&scaron;ku<\/strong> alebo tablet&aacute;ch, ktor&eacute; s&uacute; u&#382;ito&#269;n&eacute;\npo&#269;as hor&uacute;ceho po&#269;asia alebo v pr&iacute;pade dehydrat&aacute;cie sp&ocirc;sobenej vracan&iacute;m\na hna&#269;ka. Tak&eacute;to doplnky maj&uacute; dlh&scaron;iu trvanlivos&#357;\nTak&eacute;to doplnky maj&uacute; dlh&scaron;iu trvanlivos&#357; a m&ocirc;&#382;u by&#357; &#318;ahko ulo&#382;en&eacute; v dom&aacute;cej lek&aacute;rni&#269;ke.\n&#317;ahko sa pripravuj&uacute; a obsahuj&uacute; v&scaron;etky potrebn&eacute; elektrolyty.\nelektrolyty. R&yacute;chlym a jednoduch&yacute;m sp&ocirc;sobom pom&aacute;haj&uacute; vyv&aacute;&#382;i&#357;\nrovnov&aacute;hu vody a elektrolytov v tele.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Izotonick&eacute; n&aacute;poje<\/h3><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright is-resized\"><figure id=\"attachment_1373\" class=\"alignnone width-full\" style=\"width: 308px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-caption=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/1492451-1024x1024-1.jpg\" alt=\" obr&aacute;zok n&aacute;doby na vodu\" class=\"wp-image-1373\" width=\"308\" height=\"308\" title=\"\"><\/figure><\/figure><\/div><p>Izotonick&eacute; n&aacute;poje, t. j. <strong>elektrolyty pre &scaron;portovcov<\/strong>, n&aacute;jdete v ka&#382;dej posil&#328;ovni, v obchodoch s doplnkami v&yacute;&#382;ivy, ako aj v be&#382;n&yacute;ch marketoch. N&aacute;poje bohat&eacute; na vitam&iacute;ny a miner&aacute;ly sa oplat&iacute; ma&#357; pri sebe po&#269;as tr&eacute;ningu, aby ste doplnili straty po&#269;as tr&eacute;ningu.<\/p><p>Elektrolyty by sa mali dop&#314;&#328;a&#357; nielen po&#269;as silov&eacute;ho tr&eacute;ningu, ale aj po&#269;as vytrvalostn&eacute;ho tr&eacute;ningu (najm&auml; pri vysoko intenz&iacute;vnom tr&eacute;ningu, ako je<strong> HIIT alebo Tabata<\/strong>). Izotonick&eacute; n&aacute;poje s&uacute; u&#382;ito&#269;n&eacute; aj po&#269;as dlh&scaron;ej <strong>jazdy na bicykli<\/strong>, <strong>behu<\/strong> a tie&#382; po<strong> tr&eacute;ning v baz&eacute;ne<\/strong>.<\/p><p>Pozrite si tie&#382;: Sp&ocirc;sob modelovania tela &#8211; cvi&#269;enie s &#269;inkami<\/p><p><strong>Zlo&#382;enie izotonick&yacute;ch n&aacute;pojov &#8211; &#269;o by mali obsahova&#357;?<\/strong><\/p><p>&Scaron;portovci &#269;asto pou&#382;&iacute;vaj&uacute;<strong>elektrolytov&eacute; n&aacute;poje<\/strong> na doplnenie straty<strong>elektrolytov<\/strong> po&#269;as tr&eacute;ningu. Tieto &scaron;peci&aacute;lne izotonick&eacute; n&aacute;poje maj&uacute; ovplyvni&#357; silu a energiu a ur&yacute;chli&#357; regener&aacute;ciu. Pozrime sa, &#269;o tak&eacute;to n&aacute;poje obsahuj&uacute;.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Elektrolyty<\/h3><p>Izotonick&eacute; n&aacute;poje pozost&aacute;vaj&uacute; najm&auml; z\nnajm&auml; elektrolyty a &#271;al&scaron;ie vitam&iacute;ny a miner&aacute;ly,\nna podporu spr&aacute;vnej funkcie po&#269;as cvi&#269;enia a po &#328;om.\nBez oh&#318;adu na to, &#269;i si vyberiete<strong> tekut&eacute; izotonick&eacute;<\/strong> n&aacute;poje alebo\nrozpustn&eacute; doplnky, vyzna&#269;uj&uacute; sa ve&#318;kou d&aacute;vkou\ncenn&yacute;ch l&aacute;tok, v&#271;aka ktor&yacute;m sa m&ocirc;&#382;eme vyhn&uacute;&#357; nepr&iacute;jemn&yacute;m &uacute;&#269;inkom\nspojen&eacute; s ich stratou.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cukry<\/h3><p>Mnoh&iacute; &#318;udia sa im vyh&yacute;baj&uacute; ako moru, ale pr&aacute;ve gluk&oacute;za je zodpovedn&aacute; za vstreb&aacute;vanie vody z tenk&eacute;ho &#269;reva, &#269;&iacute;m u&#318;ah&#269;uje jej dop&#314;&#328;anie. N&aacute;poj s v&auml;&#269;&scaron;&iacute;m mno&#382;stvom sacharidov tie&#382; pom&ocirc;&#382;e doplni&#357; kal&oacute;rie po n&aacute;ro&#269;nom tr&eacute;ningu, &#269;o pom&aacute;ha budova&#357; svalov&uacute; hmotu. Nie v&scaron;etky izotonick&eacute; n&aacute;poje obsahuj&uacute; cukry, ale ak sa rozhodnete pre tento typ, mali by ste sa pozorne pozrie&#357; na ich obsah. Pr&iacute;li&scaron; ve&#318;a jednoduch&yacute;ch cukrov m&ocirc;&#382;e spomali&#357; metabolizmus a naru&scaron;i&#357; dop&#314;&#328;anie elektrolytov.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kofe&iacute;n<\/h3><p>L&aacute;tka, ktor&aacute; n&aacute;s dobre nakopne a dod&aacute; n&aacute;m chu&#357; kona&#357;. Izotonick&eacute; n&aacute;poje &#269;asto obsahuj&uacute; t&uacute;to zlo&#382;ku, ale nielen na stimul&aacute;ciu organizmu. &Scaron;t&uacute;die uk&aacute;zali, &#382;e kofe&iacute;n sa podie&#318;a na dop&#314;&#328;an&iacute; glykog&eacute;nu po cvi&#269;en&iacute;. Existuj&uacute; tie&#382; d&ocirc;kazy, &#382;e podporuje spa&#318;ovanie tukov.<\/p><p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nedostatok elektrolytov je spojen&yacute; s Pre va&scaron;e telo to m&aacute; mnoho nepr&iacute;jemn&yacute;ch n&aacute;sledkov. V niektor&yacute;ch situ&aacute;ci&aacute;ch str&aacute;came cenn&eacute; vitam&iacute;ny a miner&aacute;ly ve&#318;mi r&yacute;chlo. vitam&iacute;ny a miner&aacute;ly, bohu&#382;ia&#318; sa &#269;asto st&aacute;va, &#382;e ich zab&uacute;dame dop&#314;&#328;a&#357;. na ich doplnenie. S&uacute;vis&iacute; to aj s elektrolytmi. Ke&#271; mali by ste venova&#357; pozornos&#357; ich mno&#382;stvu v tele, ako doplni&#357; nedostatky [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":1024,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravie","box-post"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1025","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1025"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1025\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1026,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1025\/revisions\/1026"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1024"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1025"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1025"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}