{"id":89030,"date":"2023-10-22T09:37:07","date_gmt":"2023-10-22T07:37:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/?p=89030"},"modified":"2023-10-22T09:37:07","modified_gmt":"2023-10-22T07:37:07","slug":"flavonoidy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/flavonoidy\/","title":{"rendered":"Flavonoidy – zdrav\u00ed z ovoce a zeleniny"},"content":{"rendered":"

Na\u0161e t\u011blo lze p\u0159irovnat ke slo\u017eit\u00e9mu stroji<\/strong>, motoru slo\u017een\u00e9mu z mnoha sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. Aby spr\u00e1vn\u011b fungovaly, pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy „paliva<\/em>„, \u017eiviny,<\/strong> jako jsou vitaminy a miner\u00e1ly. Krom\u011b nich je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 dod\u00e1vat i dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky<\/strong> a jednou z obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch jsou jist\u011b flavonoidy<\/strong>. Ani bez nich nem\u016f\u017eeme spr\u00e1vn\u011b fungovat a jejich nejlep\u0161\u00edm zdrojem je ovoce a zelenina<\/strong>, proto se jim zam\u011bniteln\u011b \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 bioflavonoidy<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Flavonoidy – co p\u0159esn\u011b jsou a jak\u00e9 funkce v rostlin\u00e1ch pln\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kdy\u017e sly\u0161\u00edme pojem flavonoidy<\/strong>, v\u011bt\u0161inou si mysl\u00edme, \u017ee jde o jednu chemickou slou\u010deninu<\/strong>. Ve skute\u010dnosti v\u011bdci identifikovali ji\u017e n\u011bkolik tis\u00edc takov\u00fdch slou\u010denin <\/strong>rostlinn\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu. Z chemick\u00e9ho hlediska pat\u0159\u00ed do skupiny polyfenol\u016f<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 jsou zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za barvu ur\u010dit\u00e9 rostliny nebo jej\u00ed v\u016fni a chu\u0165, ale vyzna\u010duj\u00ed se tak\u00e9 \u0161irok\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dinky podporuj\u00edc\u00edmi zdrav\u00ed <\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 funkce<\/strong>, mimo jin\u00e9 proti houb\u00e1m, pl\u00edsn\u00edm a dal\u0161\u00edm \u0161kodliv\u00fdm mikroorganism\u016fm. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm<\/strong> a dal\u0161\u00edmi nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdmi vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi faktory, nap\u0159. atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdmi<\/strong>, a reguluj\u00ed rychlost<\/strong> jejich r\u016fstu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Flavonoidy – jak\u00e1 je jejich z\u00e1kladn\u00ed klasifikace?<\/h2>\n\n\n
\n
\"<\/figure><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Ne\u017e se za\u010dneme zab\u00fdvat l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdmi vlastnostmi bioflavonoid\u016f<\/strong>, je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 se nejprve sezn\u00e1mit s jejich r\u016fzn\u00fdmi typy a na z\u00e1klad\u011b jejich strukturn\u00ed struktury<\/strong> je rozd\u011blit na:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • flavony, tluteolin, apigenin, diosmetin;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • flavonoly, kvercetin, fistein, kemferol;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • flavanony, hesperetin, hesperedin;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • flavanoly, katechin, epikatechin, epigalokatechin;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • isoflavony, genistein;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • antokyany, kyanidin, malvidin, pelargonidin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Do t\u00e9to skupiny rostlinn\u00fdch polyfenol\u016f lze za\u0159adit i n\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch slou\u010denin<\/strong>, v\u010detn\u011b biflavonoid\u016f, flavonolignan\u016f; flavonoidn\u00edch glykosidester\u016f, chalkon\u016f, prenylflavonoid\u016f a proantokyanidin\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Flavonoidy – kter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed zdroje se vyplat\u00ed vyb\u00edrat?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Flavonoidy lze t\u011blu dod\u00e1vat mnoha zp\u016fsoby<\/strong> a nej\u010dast\u011bji jednodu\u0161e u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me dopl\u0148ky stravy,<\/strong> kter\u00e9 je maj\u00ed ve sv\u00e9m slo\u017een\u00ed<\/strong>. Je to jist\u011b rychlej\u0161\u00ed a pohodln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ale lep\u0161\u00ed je vyu\u017e\u00edvat p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed zdroje <\/strong>a dopl\u0148ovat nedostatek t\u011bchto l\u00e1tek prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vhodn\u011b sestaven\u00e9 stravy.<\/strong> Existuje \u0159ada potravin, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed bioflavonoid\u016f<\/strong> a nap\u0159\u00edklad nejv\u00edce (mg na 100 g v\u00fdrobku)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ovoce:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Aronie – 1542 mg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • bezinky – 791,24 mg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • t\u0159e\u0161n\u011b – 124,38 mg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • bor\u016fvky – 68,45 mg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • grapefruit – 55,4 mg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • pomeran\u010d – 43,88 mg.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Zelenina:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • kapary (ve slan\u00e9m n\u00e1levu) – 316,33 mg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • ko\u0159en petr\u017eele – 210,08 mg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u010derven\u00e1 cibule – 33,07 mg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • celer – 22,6 mg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u017elut\u00e1 cibule – 13,27 mg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • ko\u0159en celeru – 9,42 mg.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Flavonoidy – jak\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed by se m\u011blo denn\u011b konzumovat a jak\u00e1 jsou rizika jejich nedostatku nebo nadbytku?<\/h2>\n\n\n
        \n
        \"<\/figure><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

        Doporu\u010den\u00e1 denn\u00ed<\/strong> d\u00e1vka flavonoid\u016f pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9<\/strong> v na\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti sv\u011bta je 1-2 g<\/strong> a je vhodn\u00e9 ji dodr\u017eovat, abychom se vyhnuli zdravotn\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm<\/strong>. Nedostatek t\u011bchto l\u00e1tek<\/strong> v t\u011ble se m\u016f\u017ee projevit zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm sklonem k tvorb\u011b mod\u0159in a podko\u017en\u00edm<\/strong> krv\u00e1cen\u00edm v d\u016fsledku prask\u00e1n\u00ed kapil\u00e1r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Stejn\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd jako nedostatek je i nadbytek flavonoid\u016f<\/strong>. Nadm\u011brn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed negativn\u011b<\/strong> ovliv\u0148uje funkci \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy<\/strong> a metabolick\u00e9 procesy, naru\u0161uje transport a vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> vitaminu C, vitaminu B9 (kyseliny listov\u00e9) a vitaminu E. Mohou tak\u00e9 naru\u0161ovat \u00fa\u010dinek n\u011bkter\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f a nedoporu\u010duj\u00ed se t\u011bhotn\u00fdm a koj\u00edc\u00edm \u017een\u00e1m.<\/strong> Mohou zvy\u0161ovat hladinu estrogenu, co\u017e negativn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje<\/strong> reproduk\u010dn\u00ed funkce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Flavonoidy – kter\u00e9 jejich zdrav\u00ed prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 vlastnosti odborn\u00edci vyzdvihuj\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        U\u017e v\u00edme, co jsou flavonoidy, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky jich obsahuj\u00ed nejv\u00edce a jak\u00e9 je riziko jejich nedostatku nebo nadbytku. Proto je na \u010dase sezn\u00e1mit se s jejich nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi zdrav\u00ed prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdmi<\/strong> vlastnostmi, kter\u00e9 odborn\u00edci vyzdvihuj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Antioxida\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        Reaktivn\u00ed formy kysl\u00edku (ROS<\/em>), obecn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako voln\u00e9 radik\u00e1ly, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed pro lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed obrovskou hrozbu. Mimo jin\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou vzniku rakoviny a pr\u00e1v\u011b flavonoidy jsou proti nim \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9. Jako siln\u00e9 antioxidanty n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed vypo\u0159\u00e1dat se s nadbyte\u010dn\u00fdmi voln\u00fdmi radik\u00e1ly a jednou prov\u017edy je z t\u011bla odstranit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Protiz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        Z\u00e1n\u011bt je pro t\u011blo mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b v\u00e1\u017enou hrozbou, p\u0159esto\u017ee je p\u0159irozenou reakc\u00ed na hrozbu, jako je bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo virov\u00e1 infekce. P\u016fsoben\u00ed flavonoid\u016f v t\u00e9to situaci spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v pos\u00edlen\u00ed imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd se s n\u00e1sledky z\u00e1n\u011btu l\u00e9pe vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 t\u00edm, \u017ee vytvo\u0159\u00ed v\u00edce protil\u00e1tek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Protialergick\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi typy alergi\u00ed, by m\u011bli tak\u00e9 db\u00e1t na za\u0159azen\u00ed flavonoid\u016f do sv\u00e9 ka\u017edodenn\u00ed stravy. Za vznik alergick\u00e9 reakce jsou zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed faktory, na kter\u00e9 t\u011blo reaguje zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm hladiny histaminu. \u00dakolem flavonoid\u016f je zde sn\u00ed\u017eit mno\u017estv\u00ed histaminu a t\u00edm zm\u00edrnit p\u0159\u00edznaky alergie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Prevence rakoviny<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        Pravideln\u00e1 konzumace v\u00fdrobk\u016f s obsahem bioflavonoid\u016f m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit riziko vzniku rakoviny, v\u010detn\u011b rakoviny plic. Doporu\u010duj\u00ed se zde zejm\u00e9na izoflavony, kter\u00e9, jak ukazuje st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed po\u010det studi\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch na toto t\u00e9ma, mohou inhibovat proliferaci rakovinn\u00fdch bun\u011bk. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sni\u017euj\u00ed nadm\u011brnou aktivitu mutagenn\u00edch a karcinogenn\u00edch l\u00e1tek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Posiluj\u00ed srdce a ob\u011bhov\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        Nelze podce\u0148ovat ani v\u00fdznam dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed flavonoid\u016f pro spr\u00e1vnou funkci srdce a dal\u0161\u00edch slo\u017eek ob\u011bhov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Jejich p\u016fsoben\u00ed zahrnuje regulaci mno\u017estv\u00ed cholesterolu v krevn\u00edm s\u00e9ru, sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed „\u0161patn\u00e9<\/em> “ frakce LDL a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed „dobr\u00e9<\/em> “ frakce HDL. K p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dink\u016fm flavonoid\u016f, poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch nap\u0159\u00edklad ze zelen\u00e9ho \u010daje, na kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m pat\u0159\u00ed tak\u00e9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9ho krevn\u00edho tlaku;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • spolu s vitaminem C podporuj\u00ed synt\u00e9zu kolagenu, kter\u00fd zpev\u0148uje c\u00e9vn\u00ed st\u011bny a minimalizuje riziko vzniku k\u0159e\u010dov\u00fdch \u017eil;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed mo\u017enosti vzniku ateroskler\u00f3zy a v\u00fdskytu zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho infarktu myokardu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Podpora mozku a nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          N\u00e1\u0161 mozek a nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m tak\u00e9 pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed podporu zdrav\u00ed, kterou jim m\u016f\u017ee poskytnout strava obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho ovoce a zeleniny. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jsou p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed vlastnosti flavonoid\u016f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • chr\u00e1n\u00ed neurony p\u0159ed po\u0161kozen\u00edm nebo zni\u010den\u00edm;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • urychlen\u00ed a zlep\u0161en\u00ed jejich regenera\u010dn\u00edch proces\u016f;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • prevence neurodegenerativn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, Alzheimera a Parkinsonovy choroby, d\u00edky redukci voln\u00fdch radik\u00e1l\u016f;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • zlep\u0161en\u00ed kognitivn\u00edch funkc\u00ed, pam\u011bti a koncentrace;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f doprov\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch demenci.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            Pou\u017eit\u00ed u jin\u00fdch stav\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n
            \n
            \"<\/figure><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

            Spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed flavonoid\u016f<\/strong> je nezbytn\u00e9 tak\u00e9 p\u0159i prevenci a podpo\u0159e l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch proces\u016f<\/strong> mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Za zv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed stoj\u00ed jejich v\u00fdznam v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • cukrovky, poruch gluk\u00f3zy v krvi obvykle zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm citlivosti organismu na inzul\u00edn. Flavonoidy p\u016fsob\u00ed proti inzulinov\u00e9 rezistenci a prudk\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu cukru t\u00edm, \u017ee stimuluj\u00ed sekreci tohoto d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9ho hormonu;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • jatern\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, proto\u017ee chr\u00e1n\u00ed jatern\u00ed bu\u0148ky p\u0159ed po\u0161kozen\u00edm, posiluj\u00ed a urychluj\u00ed jejich regeneraci d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu siln\u00e9mu hepatoprotektivn\u00edmu \u00fa\u010dinku;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • onemocn\u011bn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee, kterou posiluj\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee se pod\u00edlej\u00ed na synt\u00e9ze kolagenu, jednoho z jej\u00edch stavebn\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f, a tak\u00e9 ji chr\u00e1n\u00ed. ko\u017en\u00ed choroby, kter\u00e9 posiluj\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee se pod\u00edlej\u00ed na synt\u00e9ze kolagenu, jednoho z jej\u00edch stavebn\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f; chr\u00e1n\u00ed ji tak\u00e9 p\u0159ed UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm, oxida\u010dn\u00edm stresem a \u00fa\u010dinky kousnut\u00ed hmyzem a z\u00e1rove\u0148 brzd\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9 procesy st\u00e1rnut\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee a urychluj\u00ed hojen\u00ed ran;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • AIDS, nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a smrteln\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, na kter\u00e9 dosud nebyl nalezen \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd l\u00e9k. Prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum t\u00e9to problematiky uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch flavonoid\u016f m\u016f\u017ee nejen potla\u010dit mno\u017een\u00ed bun\u011bk viru, ale tak\u00e9 jejich vstup do bun\u011bk lidsk\u00e9ho t\u011bla.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              Zdroje:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              • https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/what-are-flavonoids-everything-you-need-to-know<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bioflavonoids<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                Na\u0161e t\u011blo lze p\u0159irovnat ke slo\u017eit\u00e9mu stroji, motoru slo\u017een\u00e9mu z mnoha sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. Aby spr\u00e1vn\u011b fungovaly, pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy „paliva„, \u017eiviny, jako jsou vitaminy a miner\u00e1ly. Krom\u011b nich je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 dod\u00e1vat i dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky a jednou z obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch jsou jist\u011b flavonoidy. Ani bez nich nem\u016f\u017eeme spr\u00e1vn\u011b fungovat a jejich nejlep\u0161\u00edm zdrojem je ovoce a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":89029,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-89030","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi","box-post"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89030","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=89030"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89030\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":89031,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89030\/revisions\/89031"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/89029"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=89030"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=89030"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=89030"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}