{"id":1376,"date":"2021-08-20T08:31:08","date_gmt":"2021-08-20T06:31:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/?p=1376"},"modified":"2024-05-30T11:01:18","modified_gmt":"2024-05-30T09:01:18","slug":"vitamin-b12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/vitamin-b12\/","title":{"rendered":"Vitamin B12 &#8211; p\u016fsoben\u00ed, vlastnosti, role v t\u011ble. P\u0159\u00edznaky nedostatku"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"><strong>Vitamin B12<\/strong> je slou\u010denina, kter\u00e1 pln\u00ed v lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble mnoho d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch funkc\u00ed. Bohu\u017eel, jeho nedostatky jsou \u010dasto podce\u0148ov\u00e1ny nebo jsou spojeny s jin\u00fdmi nedostatky. onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, proto\u017ee vykazuj\u00ed neobvykl\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky. Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed funkce tohoto vitaminu je jeho \u00fa\u010dast na tvorb\u011b \u010derven\u00fdch krvinek. a dal\u0161\u00ed bu\u0148ky v t\u011ble. Nejsou to v\u0161ak jedin\u00e9 vlastnosti, proto\u017ee jich m\u00e1 mnohem v\u00edce. Vitamin B12 lze u\u017e\u00edvat s j\u00eddlem, i kdy\u017e za ur\u010dit\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed je nutn\u00e1 i suplementace. je tak\u00e9 nutn\u00e9 doplnit. <strong>Co je to vitamin<br>B12, jak\u00e9 funkce pln\u00ed v t\u011ble, kde se vyskytuje a jak\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00edznaky jeho nedostatku?<br>jsou p\u0159\u00edznaky jeho nedostatku?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vitamin B12 &#8211; charakteristiky<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright is-resized\"><figure id=\"attachment_1724\" class=\"alignnone width-full text-columns-nobreak\" style=\"width: ;\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-caption=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/1708370-1024x1024-1.jpg\" alt=\" \u010derven\u00e9 krvinky\" class=\"wp-image-1724\" style=\"width:236px;height:236px\" title=\"\"><\/figure><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Vitamin B12 se tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdv\u00e1<strong> kobalamin<\/strong> nebo <strong>\u010derven\u00fd vitamin <\/strong>(kv\u016fli jeho \u00fa\u010dasti na tvorb\u011b \u010derven\u00fdch krvinek). Prvn\u00ed zm\u00ednka o t\u00e9to slo\u017ece poch\u00e1z\u00ed z roku 1835, kdy byla poprv\u00e9 pops\u00e1na porucha tvorby \u010derven\u00fdch krvinek, dodnes zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako zhoubn\u00e1 <strong>an\u00e9mie<\/strong>. V roce 1920 byly publikov\u00e1ny studie, kter\u00e9 prok\u00e1zaly, \u017ee pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed jater ps\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed ztratili velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed krve, urychlilo jejich uzdraven\u00ed. Pot\u00e9 se za\u010dalo testovat, kter\u00e1 slo\u017eka jater takov\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed podporuje. Tyto testy uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee j\u00e1tra obsahuj\u00ed krom\u011b \u017eeleza tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed l\u00e1tku, kter\u00e1 se ukazuje jako u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b an\u00e9mie. V\u011bdc\u016fm se poda\u0159ilo izolovat z jater \u010dist\u011b \u010derven\u011b zbarvenou slou\u010deninu, kter\u00e1 ji\u017e v mal\u00fdch d\u00e1vk\u00e1ch zabra\u0148uje an\u00e9mii. Tato slou\u010denina obsahovala fosfor a kobalt a byla pojmenov\u00e1na vitamin B12.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Funkce vitaminu B12 v organismu\nlidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hlavn\u00ed \u00falohou<\/strong> vitaminu B12 je\njeho \u00fa\u010dast na hematopoetick\u00e9m procesu. <strong>Vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vitaminu B12<\/strong>\nprob\u00edh\u00e1 v termin\u00e1ln\u00edm ileu za p\u0159\u00edtomnosti\np\u0159\u00edtomnost<strong> faktoru Castle&#8217;a<\/strong>, glykoproteinu produkovan\u00e9ho\nbu\u0148kami vyst\u00fdlaj\u00edc\u00edmi \u017ealudek. Kobalamin se v\u00e1\u017ee na\nCastle&#8217;a faktor pro tvorbu faktoru krvetvorby, kter\u00fd se pod\u00edl\u00ed na tvorb\u011b\npod\u00edlej\u00ed se na tvorb\u011b krve v hematopoetick\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu. Vitamin B12\nje nezbytn\u00fd pro tvorbu \u010derven\u00fdch krvinek v kostn\u00ed d\u0159eni a\nse nav\u00edc pod\u00edl\u00ed na transformaci DNA a RNA v erytroblastech. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159esto\u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vlastnost\nB12 vitamin, a to je to, co je tato slou\u010denina nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed,\njeho role v t\u011ble je mnohem \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-white-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-acbbf77e5ad87f8cf081d660b9112dcb\" style=\"font-size:24px;text-transform:uppercase\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/hair-care-panda\/\">Hair Care Panda \u2013 vitam\u00ednov\u00e9 \u017eel\u00e9 ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro na\u0161e vlasy<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed vlastnosti vitaminu B12:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>je nezbytn\u00fd pro norm\u00e1ln\u00ed r\u016fst; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pod\u00edl\u00ed se na synt\u00e9ze protein\u016f a nukleov\u00fdch kyselin; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>udr\u017euje du\u0161evn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed, pom\u00e1h\u00e1 v boji proti stresu a nespavosti; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pod\u00edl\u00ed se na tvorb\u011b neurotransmiter\u016f myelinov\u00e9ho pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b, \u010d\u00edm\u017e ovliv\u0148uje du\u0161evn\u00ed v\u00fdkonnost; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pod\u00edl\u00ed se na metabolismu tuk\u016f a sacharid\u016f. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00da\u010dinky vitaminu B12<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dostate\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem vitaminu B12 je nezbytn\u00fd pro spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka. Pod\u00edl\u00ed se na metabolick\u00fdch procesech, zlep\u0161uje je a stimuluje, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee podpo\u0159it procesy hubnut\u00ed. Tomuto vitaminu p\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1 v\u00fdznam jen m\u00e1lokdo, p\u0159esto ovliv\u0148uje p\u0159\u00edjem energie z vnit\u0159n\u00edch bun\u011bk, sni\u017euje pocit \u00fanavy a pom\u00e1h\u00e1 udr\u017eovat spr\u00e1vnou svalovou \u010dinnost. Sportovci, kte\u0159\u00ed mohou m\u00edt zv\u00fd\u0161enou popt\u00e1vku po t\u00e9to slo\u017ece, by proto m\u011bli db\u00e1t na jej\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vitamin B12 je zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>spr\u00e1vn\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh mnoha metabolick\u00fdch a energetick\u00fdch p\u0159em\u011bn; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kombinuje se s <strong>kyselina listov\u00e1,<\/strong> ovliv\u0148uje metabolismus homocysteinu (aminokyseliny, jej\u00ed\u017e nadbytek m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit ateroskler\u00f3zu); <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pod\u00edl\u00ed se na tvorb\u011b a zr\u00e1n\u00ed \u010derven\u00fdch krvinek; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>posiluje fungov\u00e1n\u00ed imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sni\u017euje pocity \u00fanavy a strnulosti; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pom\u00e1h\u00e1 udr\u017eovat spr\u00e1vnou svalovou aktivitu; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>se pod\u00edl\u00ed na synt\u00e9ze nukleov\u00fdch kyselin; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pod\u00edl\u00ed se na metabolismu tuk\u016f a sacharid\u016f. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nedostatek vitaminu B12<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edznaky nedostatku vitaminu B12<\/strong>\nse m\u016f\u017ee podobat p\u0159\u00edznak\u016fm mnoha r\u016fzn\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, proto je z\u0159\u00eddkakdy\nm\u00e1lokdy je spojujeme s nedostatkem kobalaminu.\nPokud v\u0161ak nezareagujeme dostate\u010dn\u011b rychle, mohou se p\u0159\u00edznaky\nzhor\u0161uje, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje zhor\u0161en\u00ed na\u0161eho fyzick\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed,\ni psychick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny nedostatku vitaminu B12<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9<strong> p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny\nnedostatku<\/strong> vitaminu<strong> B12 v<\/strong> na\u0161em t\u011ble. Nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z nich\njsou:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 m\u00e1lo vitaminu B12 v<br>\tstrava;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>abnormality<br>\tVnit\u0159n\u00ed faktor Castle nebo vrozen\u00fd nedostatek;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>atrofick\u00e1 gastritida<br>\tgastritida;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>stav po resekci \u017ealudku po<br>\tpo operaci;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lesniowsk\u00e9ho-Crohnova choroba;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dysfunkce ilea<br>\tileum;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>infekce tasemnic\u00ed<br>\t(zvy\u0161uje se spot\u0159eba vitaminu B12);<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>chronick\u00e1 pankreatitida;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zollinger-Ellison\u016fv syndrom;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>syndrom bakteri\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159er\u016fst\u00e1n\u00ed;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>celiakie;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nedostatek transkobalaminu III.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Nedostatek vitaminu B12 <strong>m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zp\u016fsoben tak\u00e9 n\u011bkter\u00fdmi l\u00e9ky<\/strong>, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>inhibitory protonov\u00e9 pumpy<br>\t(omeprazol, pantoprazol, lansoprazol);<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>antagonist\u00e9 histaminov\u00fdch H2-receptor\u016f<br>\tantagonist\u00e9 H2-receptor\u016f (cimetidin, ranitidin);<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>metformin;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>oxid dusn\u00fd;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kyselina acetylsalicylov\u00e1;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sulfasalazin;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kolchicin;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kyselina p-aminosalicylov\u00e1.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00edznaky nedostatku vitaminu B12<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edznaky nedostatku vitaminu B12 se mohou objevit v r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech lidsk\u00e9ho t\u011bla. Nej\u010dast\u011bji se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed krvetvorn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a projevuj\u00ed se an\u00e9mi\u00ed. Mohou se v\u0161ak vyskytnout i poruchy tr\u00e1vic\u00edho a nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 m\u00e1lo vitaminu B12 a kyseliny listov\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k p\u0159\u00edznak\u016fm v du\u0161evn\u00ed oblasti (p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159\u00edznaky du\u0161evn\u00ed nemoci).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00edznaky nedostatku vitaminu B12 &#8211; krvetvorn\u00fd syst\u00e9m:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>slabost;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bolesti hlavy a z\u00e1vrat\u011b;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>bledost k\u016f\u017ee;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>bolestiv\u00e9 v\u0159edy v koutc\u00edch<br>\t\u00fasta;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>p\u00e1len\u00ed jazyka &#8211; tzv.<br>\tbuvol\u00ed jazyk (hladk\u00fd, leskl\u00fd);<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ztr\u00e1ta chuti;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ztr\u00e1ta chuti k j\u00eddlu (zejm\u00e9na<br>\tnechu\u0165 j\u00edst maso a sma\u017een\u00e1 j\u00eddla);<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>z\u00e1cpa;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pr\u016fjem;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nevolnost;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00fd \u00fabytek hmotnosti;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>an\u00e9mie.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00edznaky nedostatku vitaminu B12 &#8211; nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>brn\u011bn\u00ed, necitlivost rukou a nohou.<br>\t(parest\u00e9zie);<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pocit plynut\u00ed proudu<br>\tpod\u00e9l p\u00e1te\u0159e p\u0159i z\u00e1klonu hlavy dop\u0159edu (Lhermittova metoda).<br>\tLhermittovo znamen\u00ed);<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zhor\u0161en\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed (v d\u016fsledku atrofie zraku).<br>\tzrakov\u00e9ho nervu);<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>z\u00e1chvaty;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ztr\u00e1ta vibrac\u00ed a citlivosti<br>\t(ztr\u00e1ta smyslu pro orientaci, smysl pro polohu t\u011bla);<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>p\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed v kone\u010dc\u00edch prst\u016f;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nestabilita ch\u016fze.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00edznaky nedostatku vitaminu B12 &#8211; du\u0161evn\u00ed:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>depresivn\u00ed poruchy;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00fazkost;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>hypomaniak\u00e1ln\u00ed syndromy (stav<br>\tnadm\u011brn\u011b povznesen\u00e1 n\u00e1lada);<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>poruchy pam\u011bti (obvykle<br>\tm\u00edrn\u00e9);<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kognitivn\u00ed porucha (od m\u00edrn\u00e9<br>\tm\u00edrn\u00e9, dokonce a\u017e demence);<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>megaloblastick\u00e9 \u0161\u00edlenstv\u00ed;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zm\u011bny chov\u00e1n\u00ed, osobnosti.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Jedn\u00e1 se o psychiatrick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky\njsou nejist\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee jsou z\u0159\u00eddkakdy spojeny s\nnedostatek d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9ho vitaminu. P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 m\u00e1lo vitaminu\nB12 m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 v\u00e9st ke zrakov\u00fdm halucinac\u00edm a akutn\u00edm psych\u00f3z\u00e1m,\nkter\u00e9 nereaguj\u00ed na standardn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu t\u011bchto stav\u016f.\nPsychotick\u00e9 epizody se obvykle objevuj\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b\ndlouhotrvaj\u00edc\u00ed a akutn\u00ed nedostatek kobalaminu, a proto se po\nproto je po prvn\u00ed epizod\u011b m\u00e1nie vhodn\u00e9 vz\u00edt v \u00favahu p\u0159i diagnostice\ntesty na obsah vitaminu B12 v organismu pacienta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-white-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-acbbf77e5ad87f8cf081d660b9112dcb\" style=\"font-size:24px;text-transform:uppercase\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/hair-care-panda\/\">Hair Care Panda \u2013 vitam\u00ednov\u00e9 \u017eel\u00e9 ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro na\u0161e vlasy<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vitamin B12 &#8211; zdroje v potrav\u011b<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><figure id=\"attachment_3832\" class=\"alignnone width-full text-columns-nobreak\" style=\"width: ;\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-caption=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/b12.jpg\" alt=\" zdroje vitaminu b12\" class=\"wp-image-3832\" style=\"width:340px;height:255px\" title=\"\"><\/figure><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Vitamin B12 lze z\u00edskat z potravin. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v produktech \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu: v mase, ryb\u00e1ch, vejc\u00edch, ml\u00e9ce, s\u00fdrech a uzenin\u00e1ch. Odhaduje se, \u017ee nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed vitaminu B12 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed ve \u0161tice, ledvin\u00e1ch a j\u00e1trech (v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 \u00b5g\/100 g). Zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed obsahuj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed ryby, nap\u0159. sle\u010f, pstruh, makrela (5 a\u017e 20 \u00b5g\/100 g).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pom\u011brn\u011b velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed kobalaminu\nse nach\u00e1z\u00ed tak\u00e9 v potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch kvasnic\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vitamin B12 se v rostlinn\u00fdch produktech prakticky nevyskytuje, proto vegani \u010dasto trp\u00ed jeho nedostatkem a m\u011bli by se spol\u00e9hat p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na jeho dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nedostatek cenn\u00e9ho vitaminu B12 se m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasto vyskytuje u lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed dr\u017e\u00ed <strong>ketogenn\u00ed dietu<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 je zalo\u017eena p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na konzumaci \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fdch produkt\u016f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Obsah vitaminu B12 na 100 g<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 1 \u00b5g &#8211; ml\u00e9ko a<br>\tml\u00e9ko a ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky (smetana, jogurt, kef\u00edr, tvaroh), vejce.<br>\tvaje\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, ku\u0159ec\u00ed prsa, vep\u0159ov\u00e9 maso, vep\u0159ov\u00fd b\u016f\u010dek, \u0161unka;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1 &#8211; 5 \u00b5g &#8211; zraj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00fdry<br>\t(brie, kamamber, gouda, edamame), hov\u011bz\u00ed \u0161unka, telec\u00ed maso,<br>\thov\u011bz\u00ed maso, vejce, ryby (treska, treska pollock, \u0161tikozubec, plat\u00fds),<br>\tkapr);<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5 &#8211; 20 \u00b5g &#8211; ryby (losos,<br>\tlosos, sle\u010f, makrela, pstruh), kr\u00e1l\u00edci;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 \u00b5g &#8211; ryby<br>\t(\u0161tika), j\u00e1tra a ledviny: vep\u0159ov\u00e9, hov\u011bz\u00ed, telec\u00ed a hov\u011bz\u00ed maso.<br>\tdr\u016fbe\u017e.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Lze se vitam\u00ednem B12 p\u0159ed\u00e1vkovat?\nP\u0159\u00edznaky nadbytku<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Doch\u00e1z\u00ed k<strong>nadbytku<\/strong> vitaminu B12\nvelmi vz\u00e1cn\u011b a jedin\u00e9 dosud zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky jsou\njsou alergick\u00e9 reakce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vitam\u00edn B12 &#8211; vitam\u00edn \u0161p\u00edny<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Kobalamin se \u010dasto naz\u00fdv\u00e1 tak\u00e9\nDirt vitamin. Pro\u010d? No, \u010dasto nedostatek tohoto vitam\u00ednu\nse \u010dasto vyskytuj\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b proto, \u017ee v na\u0161em t\u011ble je\np\u0159\u00edli\u0161 m\u00e1lo bakteri\u00ed v na\u0161em t\u011ble. A\u010dkoli dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed osobn\u00ed hygieny\nosobn\u00ed hygiena n\u00e1s chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed mnoha infek\u010dn\u00edmi chorobami a\nparazity, m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 zp\u016fsobit nedostatek vitaminu B12.\nZaj\u00edmav\u00fd je p\u0159\u00edklad opic, kter\u00e9 ve voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b,\nkde jed\u00ed m\u00e1lo masa a hodn\u011b hmyzu.\nvelmi vysok\u00e9 hladiny vitaminu B12. Tyto hladiny klesaj\u00ed, kdy\u017e zv\u00ed\u0159ata\ndo steriln\u00edch podm\u00ednek v zoologick\u00e9 zahrad\u011b. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stoj\u00ed za to v\u011bnovat pozornost odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm\nStoj\u00ed za to v\u011bnovat pozornost p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9mu mno\u017estv\u00ed vitaminu B12 v krvi, proto\u017ee jeho nedostatek, a\u010dkoli m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt\na\u010dkoli po dlouhou dobu nezp\u016fsobuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky, zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed v t\u011ble spou\u0161\u0165 a\np\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k ohro\u017een\u00ed zdrav\u00ed a n\u011bkdy i \u017eivota.\nan\u00e9mie. Dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed osobn\u00ed hygieny je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 a tvo\u0159\u00ed\nsou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed prevence mnoha onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Pokud se v\u0161ak ob\u00e1v\u00e1te\n\u010distotu, mo\u017en\u00e1 by st\u00e1lo za to uva\u017eovat o <strong>dopln\u011bn\u00ed vitam\u00ednu.\nB12<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vitamin B12 &#8211; d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Po\u017eadavek na vitamin B12\n<\/strong>v z\u00e1vislosti na v\u011bku a pohlav\u00ed (doporu\u010den\u00e9 \u00fadaje podle Institute of\nFood and Nutrition Institute):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>d\u011bti (1-3 roky) &#8211; 0,9 \u03bcg\/d;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d\u011bti (4-6 let) &#8211; 1,2 \u03bcg\/d;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d\u011bti (7-9 let) &#8211; 1,8 \u03bcg\/d;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d\u011bti a dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed &#8211; 1,8 a\u017e 2,4<br>\t\u03bcg\/d;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dosp\u011bl\u00ed &#8211; 2,4 \u03bcg\/d;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>t\u011bhotn\u00e9 \u017eeny &#8211; 2,6 \u03bcg\/d;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>koj\u00edc\u00ed \u017eeny &#8211; 2,<br>\t8 \u03bcg\/d. <br>\t<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vitamin B12 v prevenci a l\u00e9\u010db\u011b\nnemoci<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Vitamin B12 je vitam\u00edn s mnoha\ndobr\u00e9 vlastnosti, proto je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 jeho vhodn\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148.\nProto je jeho p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 hladina velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pro udr\u017een\u00ed zdrav\u00ed a p\u0159edch\u00e1zen\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vitamin B12 pro prevenci an\u00e9mie a ateroskler\u00f3zy <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kobalamin se pod\u00edl\u00ed na tvorb\u011b\n\u010derven\u00fdch krvinek a pom\u00e1h\u00e1 udr\u017eovat jejich spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed v organismu.\norganismus. To m\u00e1 velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam p\u0159i prevenci an\u00e9mie. Nav\u00edc,\nu lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed trp\u00ed nedostatkem vitaminu B12, se m\u016f\u017ee vyvinout\nmegaloblastick\u00e1 an\u00e9mie, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 jako\nAddison-Biermer an\u00e9mie. Jedn\u00e1 se o onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9\nvznik\u00e1 v d\u016fsledku poruch tvorby \u010derven\u00fdch krvinek a krevn\u00edho obrazu.\nabnormality v jejich funkci. \u010cerven\u00e9 krvinky maj\u00ed obvykle\npak maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00fd vzhled &#8211; jsou v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e obvykle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spole\u010dn\u011b s kyselinou listovou, vitaminem B12\nse pod\u00edl\u00ed na procesu metabolismu homocysteinu, d\u00edky n\u011bmu\u017e se\nzabra\u0148uje nadm\u011brn\u00e9mu hromad\u011bn\u00ed t\u00e9to aminokyseliny a m\u016f\u017ee\nzabr\u00e1nit vzniku aterosklerotick\u00fdch l\u00e9z\u00ed. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i prevenci v\u00fdskytu\nAby se zabr\u00e1nilo v\u00fdskytu hyperhomocystein\u00e9mie, doporu\u010duje se konzumovat 400 \u03bcg kyseliny listov\u00e9.\nkyseliny listov\u00e9, 3 \u03bcg vitaminu B12 a 2 mg vitaminu B6 denn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vitamin B12 p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b hepatitidy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Studie ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee vitamin B12\nlze pou\u017e\u00edt jako pomocn\u00fd prost\u0159edek p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b hepatitidy C\nHepatitida C . Po mnoho let byl pozorov\u00e1n proces, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m se\nU pacient\u016f infikovan\u00fdch HCV do\u0161lo k transformaci virov\u00e9ho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.\ntransformoval do chronick\u00e9 hepatitidy nebo dokonce vedl k\ncirh\u00f3za. Za\u0159azen\u00ed velk\u00fdch d\u00e1vek vitaminu do l\u00e9\u010dby\nB12 pos\u00edlil imunitn\u00ed reakci organismu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zv\u00fd\u0161il\nschopnost t\u011bla bojovat s virem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vitamin B12 a homocystein<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 funkce vitaminu B12\nje regulace hladiny homocysteinu, jeho\u017e nadbytek p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed hladiny homocysteinu v krvi.\nJejich nadbytek p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke vzniku aterosklerotick\u00fdch l\u00e9z\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, ne mnoho lid\u00ed\nM\u00e1lokdo se v\u0161ak zam\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed nad t\u00edm, co vlastn\u011b zp\u016fsobuje zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed t\u00e9to aminokyseliny.\naminokyseliny. Homocystein je vedlej\u0161\u00edm produktem metabolismu v organismu.\nv t\u011ble. Jeho hladina se zvy\u0161uje, kdy\u017e konzumujeme velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed\nTo znamen\u00e1, \u017ee homocystein je vedlej\u0161\u00edm produktem metabolismu v t\u011ble. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee\nkonzumace p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed masa m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit nadm\u011brn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed homocysteinu v t\u011ble.\nhomocysteinu v t\u011ble. K tomu mohou p\u0159isp\u00edvat i dal\u0161\u00ed faktory\nk tomu mohou p\u0159isp\u00edvat i dal\u0161\u00ed faktory, jako nap\u0159.:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>kou\u0159en\u00ed;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>konzumace velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed<br>\trychl\u00e9 ob\u010derstven\u00ed;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>onemocn\u011bn\u00ed: selh\u00e1n\u00ed ledvin,<br>\tAddisonova-Biermerova an\u00e9mie.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chr\u00e1n\u00ed vitamin B12 p\u0159ed onemocn\u011bn\u00edm Alzheimera?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Odborn\u00edci zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee\nn\u00edzk\u00e1 hladina vitaminu B12, kter\u00e1 se \u010dasto objevuje u star\u0161\u00edch lid\u00ed.\nm\u016f\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161it riziko vzniku onemocn\u011bn\u00ed Alzheimera.\nV\u00fdzkumn\u00edci provedli studii, kter\u00e1 uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed\nhomocysteinu a souvisej\u00edc\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed hladiny vitaminu B12 zvy\u0161uje hladinu homocysteinu v krvi.\nAlzheimera riziko onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a\u017e o 17 %. Odhaduje se, \u017ee\nzv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem vitaminu B12 u star\u0161\u00edch osob.\nstar\u0161\u00ed osoby mohou p\u0159isp\u011bt k odd\u00e1len\u00ed n\u00e1stupu onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.\nSt\u00e1le v\u0161ak prob\u00edhaj\u00ed studie, kter\u00e9 by definitivn\u011b potvrdily, \u017ee\ndefinitivn\u011b potvrdit tuto teorii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nedostatek vitaminu B12 u star\u0161\u00edch osob\nstar\u0161\u00ed lid\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright is-resized\"><figure id=\"attachment_1723\" class=\"alignnone width-full text-columns-nobreak\" style=\"width: ;\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-caption=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/1679952-1024x683-1.jpg\" alt=\" star\u0161\u00ed p\u00e1r na pikniku\" class=\"wp-image-1723\" style=\"width:364px;height:242px\" title=\"\"><\/figure><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Nedostatek vitaminu B12 u star\u0161\u00edch osob je velmi \u010dast\u00fd, ale obvykle z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nerozpozn\u00e1n kv\u016fli neobvykl\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edznak\u016fm. Hlavn\u00edm d\u016fvodem je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b porucha vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed potravy a \u017eivin v n\u00ed obsa\u017een\u00fdch. Pokud se u star\u0161\u00edch osob objev\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky sv\u011bd\u010d\u00edc\u00ed o nedostate\u010dn\u00e9m kobalaminu, m\u011bla by diagn\u00f3za zahrnovat stanoven\u00ed s\u00e9rov\u00e9 hladiny vitaminu B12 a m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed s\u00e9rov\u00e9ho MMA a homocysteinu. Lze tak\u00e9 stanovit koncentraci transkobalaminu, proteinu, kter\u00fd v\u00e1\u017ee vitamin B12 v krvi, a aktivn\u00edho vitaminu B12 transportovan\u00e9ho holotranskobalaminem. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>U osob, u nich\u017e bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee jsou\nP\u0159i zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nedostatku B12 by m\u011bla b\u00fdt l\u00e9\u010dba zah\u00e1jena co nejd\u0159\u00edve.\nco nejd\u0159\u00edve. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 an\u00e9mie a kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed\nV p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 an\u00e9mie a kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f by m\u011blo b\u00fdt prvn\u00edm krokem vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed.\ntransfuze koncentr\u00e1tu \u010derven\u00fdch krvinek. Terapie prob\u00edh\u00e1\nl\u00e9\u010dba je p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b peror\u00e1ln\u00ed, n\u011bkdy intraven\u00f3zn\u00ed. V \u00favahu p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed tak\u00e9 tyto terapie\nzva\u017euje se tak\u00e9 terapie zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed intranaz\u00e1ln\u00ed pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vitaminu B12.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vitamin B12 v tablet\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i n\u00e1kupu vitaminu B12 v tablet\u00e1ch je t\u0159eba v\u011bnovat pozornost d\u00e1vce obsa\u017een\u00e9 v jedn\u00e9 kapsli. Je dobr\u00e9, kdy\u017e je relativn\u011b vysok\u00e1, proto\u017ee vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vitaminu B12 tablety je slo\u017eit\u00fd proces, kter\u00fd s v\u011bkem prob\u00edh\u00e1 pomaleji a \u010dasto se v t\u00e9to oblasti vyskytuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 poruchy. Pokud je zji\u0161t\u011bn nedostatek vitaminu B12, je vhodn\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159it, zda suplementace vykazuje sv\u016fj \u00fa\u010dinek, a sni\u017euje tak hladinu homocysteinu. Pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed aminokyseliny je \u010dasto zapot\u0159eb\u00ed doplnit vitamin B12 kyselinou listovou, <strong>biotinem<\/strong> a vitaminem B6. Za pozornost stoj\u00ed tak\u00e9 forma dopl\u0148ku. Dobr\u00fd vitamin B12 by m\u011bl b\u00fdt ve form\u011b metylkobalaminu nebo kyanobalaminu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9: Vypad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vlas\u016f &#8211; jak\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny tohoto probl\u00e9mu?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Injekce vitaminu B12<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 an\u00e9mie nebo\nv\u00fdrazn\u00e9 oslaben\u00ed organismu se obvykle pod\u00e1v\u00e1 vitamin B12.\nintramuskul\u00e1rn\u00ed injekce. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee\nje nezbytn\u00e9, proto\u017ee injek\u010dn\u011b pod\u00e1van\u00fd kobalamin\nm\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky, jako jsou:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>nad\u00fdm\u00e1n\u00ed;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pr\u016fjem;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>c\u00e9vn\u00ed poruchy;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pruritus;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vyr\u00e1\u017eky;<br>\t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>bolest v m\u00edst\u011b vpichu<br>\tdopln\u011bk.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vitamin B12 je slou\u010denina, kter\u00e1 pln\u00ed v lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble mnoho d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch funkc\u00ed. Bohu\u017eel, jeho nedostatky jsou \u010dasto podce\u0148ov\u00e1ny nebo jsou spojeny s jin\u00fdmi nedostatky. onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, proto\u017ee vykazuj\u00ed neobvykl\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky. Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed funkce tohoto vitaminu je jeho \u00fa\u010dast na tvorb\u011b \u010derven\u00fdch krvinek. a dal\u0161\u00ed bu\u0148ky v t\u011ble. Nejsou to v\u0161ak jedin\u00e9 vlastnosti, proto\u017ee jich m\u00e1 mnohem v\u00edce. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1375,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1376","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi","box-post"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1376","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1376"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1376\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":89259,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1376\/revisions\/89259"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1375"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1376"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1376"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/consumers-views.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1376"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}